From country schoolteacher and regional ethnographer to enemy of the Soviet regime. Timothée Evseev is an ethnographer, specialist in folklore, one of the first who tried to shed light on the astonishing story of the Maris. Ethnographic collections and manuscripts collected more than a century ago today constitute the "golden fund" of the traditional Mari culture and are of great importance for the entire Finno-Ugric world. This recognized researcher, "rewarded" with the strongest sanction by this country, by this republic whose heritage he glorified, a heritage which he safeguarded at the cost of his life.